Kyoto is the Japanese word for “capital city”. When it was founded in the 6th century, it was known as Heian-Kyo (the capital of peace and tranquility) and was built as a scale replica of the ancient Chinese capital Chang’an.
Before that Kyoto area was known as Yamashiro, The Kamo clan lived in the north and the Hata clan settled on the west and carried out flood control. In 794 Heian-Kyo was founded by Emperor Kammu.
For more than a thousand years, from 794 to 1868, Kyoto served as Japan's imperial capital. In the Tokugawa period, between 1603 and 1867, government administration was transferred from Kyoto to Edo (now Tokyo).
However, the imperial family continued to reside in Kyoto, and the city remained Japan's preeminent religious and cultural center. Emperor Kammu (737-806) and Emperor Komei (1831-1866), were the first and last emperors to reign from Kyoto.
Kyoto in History