In antiquity, Ayodhya, originally known as Saketa, held a pivotal role as a significant city in the cultured landscape of 6th-century India. Early Buddhist and Jain texts provide historical insights, revealing that esteemed religious leaders such as Gautama Buddha and Mahavira not only visited but also resided in this venerable city.
The city's later evolution into a prominent center for Buddhism is underscored by a statement in the 5th century CE from the Chinese Buddhist monk Faxian. He documented the existence of an impressive 100 monasteries in Ayodhya during that period. During the time of Buddha, Saketa was governed by Prasenadi, and Sravasti served as its capital. Even under the Maurya rule, Saketa maintained its significance, weathering attacks in 190 B.C. from a Bactrian Greek expedition that was allied with Panchala and Mathur.
Ayodhya is renowned as the sacred birthplace of the Hindu deity Rama of Kosala, providing the backdrop for the epic Ramayana and its diverse renditions. Prior to the illustrious reign of Rama, Ayodhya thrived under the wise and just governance of King Dasharatha from the Ikshvaku dynasty, fostering a realm characterized by prosperity and harmony.
Following Dasharatha's era, Rama's younger brother Bharata ascended to the throne in Ayodhya. During Rama's self-imposed exile and subsequent return, Bharata admirably assumed the role of caretaker ruler in Rama's absence. However, upon Rama's triumphant return, Bharata exemplified exceptional loyalty by willingly surrendering the kingdom back to Rama. His selfless act showcased not only his dedication as a brother but also his unwavering devotion as a follower of Lord Rama.
In more recent times, Ayodhya has been a focal point of religious and political discourse, notably with the construction of the Ram Temple at the disputed site, reflecting the enduring cultural and historical significance of this ancient city. This latest chapter adds another layer to Ayodhya's rich tapestry, intertwining ancient history with contemporary developments.
Ayodhya's Historical Significance
